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Prasad, J. V. N. S.
- Sustaining Soil Quality, Resilience and Critical Carbon Level under Different Cropping Systems in Semi-Arid Tropical Alfisol Soils
Abstract Views :283 |
PDF Views:89
Authors
Uttam Kumar Mandal
1,
K. L. Sharma
2,
K. Venkanna
2,
Pushpanjali
2,
Ravikant V. Adake
2,
Rahul N. Masane
2,
J. V. N. S. Prasad
2,
G. Venkatesh
2,
Srinivasa Rao
2
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Canning Town, South 24-Parganas 743 329, IN
2 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
1 ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Canning Town, South 24-Parganas 743 329, IN
2 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 09 (2017), Pagination: 1882-1895Abstract
Subsistence agriculture practice and a combination of harsh climate and fragile soils along with increasing demographic pressure are matters of great concern from the viewpoint of resource management and longterm sustainability in the semi-arid tropical Alfisol soils of India. In this study, soil quality index (SQI) has been computed on 190 sites of farmers' fields in southern India to evaluate the possible effect of land management practices on soil degradation and determine the critical levels of soil organic C stock to maintain a desirable SQI and also suggest appropriate management practices. In all, 26 predominant physical, chemical and biological properties of soils were studied and based on principal component analysis, moisture retention at field capacity, available soil N, available P, DTPA-extractable Zn, exchangeable sodium percentage, C-mineralization and bulk density were identified as the key indicators of the study region. SQI was also computed using four soil functions, viz. nutrient cycling, availability of water, resistance of soil to degradation, and salinity and sodicity. Soil resilience index was computed using data on substrateinduced respiration after exposing the soil to heat stress. SQI was highest under paddy followed by permanent fallow, maize, cotton, intercropping, redgram, and was lowest under castor system. Based on the results, it was observed that the soils which had higher SQI were also productive and they exhibited higher resilience capacity. An amount of 8.6 Mg ha-1 soil organic C stock per 15 cm depth was found essential to maintain soil quality and 2.2 Mg ha-1 of organic matter was needed every year to maintain this stock. On-farm participatory research trial was conducted using SQI as a tool for sustainable land-management practices.Keywords
Cropping Systems, Organic Carbon Stock, Soil Quality and Resilience, Sustainable Land Management.References
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- Greenhouse gas emissions from integrated nutrient management practices in pearl millet + Melia dubia agri-silvi system
Abstract Views :168 |
PDF Views:75
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, IN
3 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
1 Department of Agronomy, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, IN
2 Department of Agronomy, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, IN
3 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 121, No 5 (2021), Pagination: 704-708Abstract
Climate change induced due to the magnitudinal rise in proportions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the environment has emerged as an indubitable concern across the globe. Hence, the impact of various organic forms of manure on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the soil and global warming potential (GWP) was studied in pearl millet + Melia dubia agri-silvi system. Replacing 25% of nitrogen with farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure and pongamia green leaf manure (PGLM) elevated CO2 emissions by 8.81%, 12.39%, 15.88% and N2O emissions by 47.5%, 49.8% and 55.8% respectively, compared to full recommended dose of fertilizer through neem-coated urea treatment. Also, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) using neem-coated urea is effective in reducing GWP by 19% over 100% RDF through normal urea. GWP of all the treatments ranged from 1029 (unfertilized) to 1807 kg CO2 eq. ha–1 (sole crop without trees). The study also reported lower CO2 and N2O emissions under the tree compared to sole crop without trees, which suggests that agroforestry would reduce the overall GHG emissions. Also, use of organic manure along with inorganic fertilizers showed better carbon efficiency ratio and soil fertility status in spite of increase in GWP.Keywords
Agri-silvi system, carbon dioxide, global warming potential, greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide.References
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